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Development Psychology 2 (Peer-relations (Branches (Psychoanalytical - P.…
Development Psychology 2
Attachment
Bowlby, Harlow, Spitx (hopsitalization syndrome/matern deprivation)
External (strangeness) and Internal (Illness/pain) activating attachment behaviour. How much attachment depends on quality and intensity.
Monitoring proximy: Baby Features, Shadowing
Three big impacts:
Believes of themselves,
Expectations about others
Counsciousness of rules (social skills)
Representational Model, Schemes and assimilation --> Possible to change over time.
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SST Mary Ainsworth
Secure, avoidant, ambivalent and disorganized.
Depends on avialibility, interaction, responsiveness, warmth, love, "Sensitivity Hypothesis", continguency,
Different mothers: Secure, Disorganised, Avoidant, Resistant
Bonding/special tie - Interaction parent-child, reciprocal, reflexes, interaction
Problems can be: unusal behaivour, apperance, emtions, early seperation.
Peer-relations
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Peer-rejection
Om aggresion beahvior = Externalizing problems --> Dont want to change, not taking feedback (kanske pga hotar deras höga självbild, dvs Defence mechanism).
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Social Understanind - Understanding world of people --> colours rest of life = Subjecitve intentional agents!
Social Referencing - The use of other's emotional ques (ser på ansiktsuttryck för att få info), 1 år och ganska bra på detta.
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Branches
Psychoanalytical - P. Blos and Individualization in the adolescene reconstrunt childhoos relations, loyaloty, devotion belonging.
Sullivans theory - 7-8 grp VERY important adolescens -->Chumchip, Peer system essential for well-beeing.
Symbolic interactionist P. - Meand/Cooley: How percieved by others, looking-self-glass.
Cognitive dev. - Piaget - Adults (unequal, les open, asymetric) vs Peers (equal, open emotionally, balanced).
Learning theories (SLT) + Bandura --> "Change angets" for each others, either punish/ignoring or rewarding/reinforice positive behaviour.
Temperament
Chess and Thomas
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Slow to warm up-children - 15% låg aktivitet, långsamma, anpassar sig till slut.
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Stable construct, basic organisation of personality, childrens natural reactive and self-regulated processes, how they manage their enviorment.
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Interactive chain - Temperament at parent and child, depending on temperament--> Different in parenting style.
Moral Development
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Kohlberg
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Post-conventional
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- Universal ethical Principles
Gilligan
1. Individual surviving: “I want to have a babe, so therefore I get one” --> Transitions from selflishness to responsibility.
2. Self Sacrice and social conformity: “Might do abortion because father wants it” —> Poweless. --> Transition from “goodness” to “truth”
- Nonviolance - attitude rather than fac, “I Want to have my baby even thou my BF want me to have abortion, because I think it would hurt me to do it than him to not do it”
Parenting
Baumrids parents styles
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Critique: Undirectional process (only one way), Limitation (don't consider cultural SES and more).
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Warmth, acceptance, approval, unconditonal love, empathy, listen, democratic, praise.
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Self-Concept
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Harter 4 stages during 2 first years.: Intresteing in mirror, understand own actions, difference between self and others, distinguis from self and others
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New Identity Models
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The three-factor identity dimensional model (Crocetti, Rubini and Meeus)
Commitment, in depth exploration and reconsideration of commitment
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